What reasoning process is evident when a boy attempts to justify his decision not to do homework?

The correct choice identifies that the boy is engaging in rationalization when he justifies his decision not to do homework. Rationalization is a defense mechanism where an individual gives a seemingly logical or reasonable explanation for an action that is actually motivated by emotional factors. In this case, the boy may provide reasons that sound acceptable on the surface, but they likely mask deeper feelings such as procrastination, lack of interest, or fear of failure.

Rationalization often involves constructing an argument that allows a person to feel justified about their decisions or behaviors, even when those choices may not align with widely accepted standards or expectations. This process enables the boy to evade the discomfort of acknowledging his refusal to complete homework, framing his choice in a way that protects his self-esteem.

In contrast, excuse making might imply that he is offering less thoughtful justifications or deflection tactics. Responsible decision-making would involve fully considering the implications of not doing his homework and making a choice based on facts and accountability, which is not reflected in his justification. Distraction tactics would involve diverting attention from the homework issue itself, rather than providing a reason for avoidance. Thus, rationalization fittingly captures the nature of his reasoning process in this scenario.