What describes the concept of rationalization in decision-making?

Rationalization in decision-making refers to the cognitive process where individuals create excuses or justifications for their actions or choices, particularly after making a poor decision. This process allows individuals to avoid facing the uncomfortable reality of their mistakes. When someone rationalizes a decision, they may reinterpret the circumstances surrounding their choice to make it seem more favorable or acceptable, often to protect their self-esteem or to maintain their beliefs about their judgment.

The concept is more closely associated with making excuses for poor decisions rather than simply justifying success through hard work, objectively evaluating risks, or finding logical solutions. All three of these options can pertain to sound decision-making processes but do not encapsulate the essence of rationalization, which typically involves reconciling negative outcomes rather than enhancing positive ones.